Abstract: Scattering is a phenomenon that exists everywhere, and our ability to perceive our surroundings is a result of light scattering. Nevertheless, when light traverses a turbid medium, it can lead to adverse consequences, including reduced visibility, making it challenging to observe or capture images of objects. This phenomenon is driven by optical irregularities within the medium, which cause deviations in the direction and polarization of light. Ballistic photons, which travel in a straight path, retain key characteristics like polarization, modulation frequency, and phase, and they play a crucial role in the imaging process. To obtain images of an object, it is necessary to extract these photons from the multitude of diffusive photons.

 This thesis presents an exploration of techniques for imaging through various turbid media, such as fog, smoke, milk-water mixtures, and more. The method employed to achieve this is the quadrature lock-in discrimination (QLD) algorithm, which simplifies the process. Chapter 1 introduces the concept of light scattering in turbid media, and Chapter 2 offers an in-depth explanation of the QLD technique, including the mathematical underpinnings, simulations, code, and simulated outcomes. Chapter 3 focuses on enhancing image contrast when imaging through fire and smoke, while Chapter 4 presents a practical application of imaging through fog. Chapter 5 demonstrates a proof-of-concept imaging technique using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), where the demodulation process of the QLD technique is executed on an AOM instead of using software.