Theoretical Physics Seminar

Theoretical Physics Seminar

Emergence in a classical frustrated system: Symmetry, order, and deconfined classical criticality

Speaker: Titas Chanda (IIT Madras)

तिथि और समय
कार्यक्रम का स्थान
Auditorium

अमूर्त

Modern many-body physics is replete with examples of emergence wherein collective behavior of a many-body system as described via a long-wavelength or coarse-grained description hosts a higher symmetry in comparison to the bare microscopic theory. Field theoretically such emergence are typically predicated on the presence of an operator that becomes irrelevant (in the RG sense) in the infrared limit, leading to either a critical point or even an entire critical phase hosting a higher symmetry than the short-wavelength microscopic theory. In this talk, I will discuss a concrete realization of these ideas in a frustrated classical spin system: the two-dimensional J1-J2 classical q-state clock model with even q > 4. Despite its discrete microscopic degrees of freedom, the unfrustrated model already hosts an intermediate critical XY-like phase with emergent U(1) symmetry. When frustration is added, the system develops an unexpected variety of ordered and partially ordered states: stripe phases, nematic phases, and a particularly unusual stripe phase whose effective spin variables and symmetries do not even appear in the original Hamiltonian. Interestingly, the emergent degrees of freedom in this novel stripe phase do not originate from the irrelevance of a perturbation, but instead from the infrared relevance of a specific operator, revealing a nonstandard route to emergence. Furthermore, we identify a line of Landau-incompatible continuous transitions with enlarged symmetry, serving as a classical analogue of deconfined quantum criticality. Using large-scale numerical methods, we map out the complete phase diagram and classify the associated Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless, Ising, first-order, and Landau-incompatible continuous transitions. Finally, I will outline an effective field-theoretic framework that captures these emergent orders, symmetries, and their interwoven transitions.

Poster
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