Seminar
Role of compact binary coalescence (CBC) searches in facilitating gravitational wave astronomy and astrophysics
Speaker: Bhooshan U Gadre (GRASP, Utrecht University, The Netherlands)
The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration has reported 90 candidates of gravitational wave events from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) comprising of stellar mass black holes and neutron stars. Several of these detections still challenge our understanding of the astrophysics of stellar evolution and binary formation as contributions from secular and dynamical formation channels are unclear. I will discuss exciting search results from the recently concluded third observing run (O3) with a primary focus on sub-solar mass and low-latency searches. Detection of a sub-solar mass ultra-compact object in a merger would be ground-breaking, leading to new perspectives on the existence of alternative scenarios of black hole formation beside the classical theory of stellar evolution. There is no widely accepted mechanism for sub-solar compact object formation. But primordial density fluctuations, the cooling of dark matter particles, stars made of exotic matter (e.g. Gravastar, quark star), or even interactions of the dark matter with stellar origin compact object could account for their existence. The null detection of a sub-solar mass compact object during O3 allowed us to characterize the sensitivity of the search and set upper limits on the merger rate for binary containing such a black hole. Using the sensitivity, we estimate the dark matter fraction made of primordial black holes and the upper bound of the fraction of dissipative dark matter that can be in back holes. Given the far-reaching implications of observing a sub-solar mass black hole, LVK will continue the search in the region while attempting to improve the sensitivity of the search pipelines further.With the detection of mergers involving neutron stars or (lower) mass gap compact objects, the era of multi-messenger astronomy is already upon us. I will conclude by describing our efforts in low-latency searches during O3 with remarks regarding the future of CBC searches. Early-warning and low-latency searches will play a crucial role in the future of gravitational wave astronomy with LIGO-India and next-generation detectors.