Astrophysics Seminar
Dish Surface Characterisation for CHORD and HIRAX using Metrology and Electromagnetic Simulations
Speaker: Aditya Karigiri (McGill University)
The Canadian Hydrogen Observatory and Radio-transient Detector (CHORD) and the Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment (HIRAX) are next-generation radio interferometers designed for 21-cm intensity mapping to measure baryonic acoustic oscillations, while also enabling studies of fast radio bursts and pulsars. HIRAX, located in the Karoo desert (South Africa), operates from 400–800 MHz (0.8 < z < 2.5), while CHORD, based at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory (DRAO) in Canada, spans 300–1500 MHz (z < 3.7). They will deploy 512 (HIRAX) and 256 (CHORD) six-meter composite dishes with f/0.21 focal ratio, arranged in redundant configurations. Achieving the required precision for 21-cm cosmology demands sub-millimeter mechanical tolerances across the arrays.
To support this, the Deep-Dish Development Array (D3A) was deployed at DRAO and serves as a testbed for feed design, dish fabrication, mounts, and front-end electronic systems of HIRAX and CHORD. Systematics related to the reflector surface and receiver perturbations are among the critical factors impacting the redundancy requirements and will be the central focus of this talk. I will begin with an overview of CHORD and HIRAX, followed by my work on quantifying dish surface deformations using precise metrology techniques, emphasizing the role of redundancy in achieving the scientific objectives. I will show how these surface measurements can be incorporated into electromagnetic simulations to evaluate their effects on reflector beam patterns. Finally, I will explain how these systematics can be propagated to cosmological simulations in order the access the recovery of the 21-cm signal.